[19] [21] Ascorbic acid, the sole active ingredient in this injection, exerts its physiological effects primarily through its role as a potent antioxidant and enzymatic cofactor
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Researchers have not identified a lethal dose even at concentrations far exceeding therapeutic ranges
Interestingly, compared to those in younger people, glutathione levels in older people are much lower, and the levels of oxidative stress are much higher
It modulates their activation, metabolism, and cytokine release
It outperformed retinoic acid in the head-to-head collagen study, carries antioxidant and anti-inflammatory benefits retinol doesn't, and suits sensitive, mature, and barrier-compromised skin