They suppress appetite, slow gastric emptying (how quickly food leaves your stomach), enhance insulin release when sugar is present, reduce glucagon (a hormone that raises blood sugar), and produce significant weight loss and better blood sugar control in clinical trials
Limited preclinical and clinical data suggest that GLP-1 receptor agonists might modestly influence cortisol metabolism or HPA axis function in certain contexts, but findings have been inconsistent and not practice-changing
Severe allergic reactions very rare, about 0.1% of people in studies
Why Should Study Findings Stay Separate From Product Claims
2022;28(15 Suppl):S288-s296
People with conditions such as Lebers disease, cobalt allergies, or known sensitivity to vitamin B12 should not receive these injections