These cytokines can lead to various subsequent neuropsychiatric effects, including disrupting neurotransmitter metabolism, inducing BBB dysfunction, and dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, playing a vital role in the development of depression
10 These findings highlight the substantial heterogeneity inherent in PD pathophysiology and support RBD-PD as an aggressive clinical subtype
Due to inconsistencies in DOR diagnostic criteria, small sample sizes, and limited follow-up durations, the results should be interpreted with caution
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doi:10.1164/rccm.201210-1843CI Tashkin DP, Ozol-Godfrey A, Sharma S, Sanjar S