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Semaglutide works mainly through GLP-1 receptors, while tirzepatide works through both GLP-1 and GIP receptor pathways
molecules involved in the inflammatory reaction also associated with Covid-19and in a mechanism called protein glutathionylation
doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2025.1731127 Received 23 October 2025 Revised 15 November 2025 Accepted 28 November 2025 Published 15 December 2025 Volume 12 - 2025 Edited by Manfredi Tesauro, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Italy Reviewed by Angelo Maria Patti, University of Palermo, Italy Antonio Maria Labate, ASST Franciacorta, Italy Updates Copyright 2025 Tan, Yin and Lu
Semaglutide is still under patent protection, meaning only the brand-name version is available
This review focuses on GSH/GSSG system-based biomedical and pharmaceutical applications with relevant basic and comprehensive background information